What do curriculum and instruction refer to in an educational context?

In an educational context, curriculum and instruction serve as fundamental components that define the framework of teaching and learning within schools. They encompass the "what" and "how" of education, thereby directly addressing the content that students are expected to learn (curriculum) and the strategies, techniques, and practices that educators use to engage students in that content (instruction).

The curriculum outlines the subjects, topics, and learning objectives that need to be taught, while instruction refers to the methodologies and pedagogical practices that educators employ to facilitate learning. Together, they form a cohesive system that targets effective educational outcomes. By working in harmony, curriculum and instruction help ensure that students acquire the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed academically.

In contrast, separating these concepts suggests a lack of coherence in educational delivery, while stating they are a single approach oversimplifies the diverse methodologies utilized in teaching. Additionally, managing school finances is unrelated to the pedagogical aspects of curriculum and instruction, which focus primarily on the educational experience rather than financial operations.